To Start: The Treble Clef

The symbol on staff above is called treble clef. This is the most popular symbol in music. It appears at the beginning of every line of music. As far as I am concern, this symbol will not appear at the middle or at the end of staff.

I found an article on treble clef. Here are the excerpts.

The treble clef is probably the most widely-used clef, followed by the bass clef. It uses the G clef symbol to assign the note G above middle C to the second line from the bottom of the staff. Most woodwind instruments read treble clef, as well as high brass, violins, and tuned percussion. On the piano, the right hand usually is written in treble clef, while the left hand is written in bass clef.

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